Vomiting
What is vomiting?
The forceful and rapid expulsion of stomach and digestive tract contents through the mouth.
What are the causes of vomiting?
- Sudden (acute) vomiting episodes:
- Gastroenteritis
- Food poisoning
- Motion sickness
- Gastrointestinal obstruction
- Appendicitis
- Pancreatitis
- Increased intracranial pressure
- Meningitis
Chronic vomiting: (persistent and recurrent episodes)
- Pregnancy.
- Gastrointestinal disorders (e.g., esophageal reflux)
- Side effects of some medications, such as cancer treatment drugs
- Migraine headaches
- Kidney stones
- Radiation therapy
When do you need to see a doctor?
If the following symptoms accompany vomiting
- Blood in the vomit
- Green vomit
- Vomit containing feces
- Severe and persistent abdominal pain with vomiting
- Stiff neck and high fever
- Severe headache
- Diarrhea with blood
- Chest pain
- Unintentional weight loss
Diagnosis:
The doctor will perform a physical examination and take a medical history
The doctor may also recommend imaging tests such as:
- Ultrasound
- Upper endoscopy
- Gastrointestinal motility tests
Treatment:
Treatment of vomiting depends on addressing the underlying cause and resolving the primary issue.
Some medications that may help reduce symptoms and treat vomiting include:
- Anti-nausea medications
- Pain relievers
- Acid-suppressing drugs
- Antidepressants
How to manage vomiting?
- Drink plenty of fluids
- Eat light foods
- Divide meals into small, frequent portions
- Ensure food cleanliness
- Quit smoking and alcohol
